Module (01) Power System Faults 1.1 Different types of faults

1.2 Incidence of faults on power system equipment

1.3 Effects of power system faults

1.4 Magnitude of fault current

1.5 Detection of faults 1.6 Clearance of faults

1.7 Requirements of protective relaying systems

Module (02) Components of Power System Protection Schemes

2.1 Fault-detecting relays

2.2 The transition from electro-mechanical relays to electronic and digital microprocessor-based relays

 2.3 Tripping relays and other auxiliary relays

 2.4 The application of programmable logic controllers

2.5 Circuit breakers: bulk oil, air-blast, vacuum, SF6

 2.6 Current transformers

2.7 Voltage transformers 2

2.8 Modern microprocessor-based relays: review of types available

Module (03) Current Transformers (CT) and Voltage Transformers (VT)

 3.1 Various types of CTs, VTs, and CVTs

3.2 Theory and characteristics of CTs

3.3 Application requirements of CTs for protective relaying

3.4 Accuracy classifications

3.5 Future trends in CT design using optics 3.6 Testing of CTs and VTs

 Module (04) Feeder Overcurrent Protection

4.1 Protective relaying requirements for radial systems

4.2 Elements of feeder protection schemes

4.3 High-set, low-set, and inverse-timed elements

4.4 Coordination with other devices and fuses

4.5 Various types of overcurrent relays

4.6 Electromechanical, electronic, and digital relays

 4.7 Relay setting criteria

4.8 Load limitations

4.9 Testing of overcurrent protection schemes

 4.10 Microprocessor-based feeder overcurrent relays: features, application, and testing

Module (05) Coordination of Electrical Protection Systems

 5.1 Fuse to fuse

5.2 Circuit breaker to fuse

 5.3 Fuse to circuit breaker

5.4 Computer software packages for protection coordination studies

 5.5 Auto-reclosing of circuit breakers

 5.6 Breaker failure protection

5.7 Back-up protection

5.8 Limitation of fault current

5.9 Selective zones of protection Module

Module(06) Bus Protection

6.1 Types of bus protection schemes

6.2 Basic concept of differential protection

6.3 High-impedance relays for bus differential protection

6.4 Application to various bus configurations

6.5 Bus protection for radial systems

6.6 Testing of bus protection schemes

Module (09) Generator Protection

9.1 Differential protection

9.2 Reverse power, 100% stator ground fault, out-of-step

 9.3 Loss of field, field ground, overexcitation, inter-turn, etc.

 9.4 Over-frequency, underfrequency, overvoltage, undervoltage

9.5 Negative phase sequence or phase unbalance

9.6 Voltage controlled and voltage restricted overcurrent protection

9.7 Synchronizing systems, synchro-check relays

9.8 Comparison of electro-mechanical and electronic relays

 9.9 Testing of generator protection schemes

9.10 Microprocessor-based multi-function generator protection relays: available relays, application, and testing

Module (10) Capacitor Protection

10.1 Application of static capacitors on power systems

 10.2 Description of protection schemes used

10.3 Testing of capacitor protection schemes

 10.4 Microprocessor-based capacitor protection and controls relays