course | Combustion Principles and Applications

Module 1: Combustion basics
 

• Definition of combustion.
• Fuels
• Types of Combustion.
• Requirements of complete combustion
• Products of combustion.
• Gross and net calorific values
• Primary and secondary air.
• Natural and forced draft.
• Calculation of stoichiometric and excess air.

Module 2: Burners.
 

• Classification of burners.
• Requirements of successful burning.
• Oil burners and atomizer types.
• Rotating cup or pressure jet
• Steam jet atomizer. (external and external mix)
• Air Atomizer.
• The fundamental process.
• How a Nozzle works.
• Viscosity of fuel.
• Fuel-oil supply and distribution systems
• Gas burners and types.
• Diffusion flame burners
• Premixed flame burners
• Typical Excess air values
• Flame length
• Combination burners.
• Burner gun
• The Air register
• Lighters and Pilots
• Flame detectors
• The main design features of burners.

Module 3  Burner Troubleshooting
 

• Flame lift.
• Flame flashback.
• Troubleshooting for Oil Burners.
• Troubleshooting for gas burners
• Troubleshooting for a gas-oil combination burner. 
• Excessive noise.
• Excessive operating cost.
• The heat delivered by the burner is neither adequate nor excessive.
• Fouling on the burner tip.
• Safety precautions.

Module 4: Fire Tube Boilers

• Basic components.
• Two-pass and three-pass boilers.
• Safety equipment on boilers.
• Basic fuel system
• Basic water–steam system.
• Limits of a fire tube boiler
• Comparison between fire tube and water tube boilers

Module 5: Gas Turbine Combustion Chambers

• Definitions and glossary
• Gas Turbine Components
• Can combustor
• Annular combustor.
• Can –Annular Combustor.
• Liquid Fuel System.
• Natural gas fuel system.
• Fuel purge system.
• Spark plugs and flame detectors.
• Outer combustion chambers and flow sleeves.
• Cross fire tubes.
• The thermodynamics of the combustion chamber
• Typical stability loop
• Performance requirements
• Effect of operating variables on burner performance
• Flame regimes as a function of fuel–oxygen ratio
• Diffusion and premixed combustors
• Hybrid chambers
• Methods of NOx control
• Dry low NOx burners DLN
• Case study on fuel operation on DLN Combustors

Module 6: Combustion Emissions and methods of protection
 

• Gaseous Pollutants
• Nitrogen Compounds
• Fuel NOx and Thermal NOx
• Sulfur compounds
• Flue Gas Desulfurization System
• Carbon monoxide
• Particle matter
• Volatile organic compounds
• NOx control technology
• Combustion control
• Post-combustion control